It's very simple to keep chickens as many 100's of people who have began back garden chicken keeping will tell you.

You buy / build a house, a run / pen, put some chickens in and away you go. All will probably run smoothly for weeks, month's, even years, but every once in a while you can suddenly lose one, or more, through innocent neglect. Maybe 'the hazard' has been there from Day One, but it's gone un-noticed by both you and the chickens.

Here's a few thing's I can come up with, some through personal experience and others I've heard about.

Doors and Gates
 Don't forget to protect underneath against predators. It's easily forgotten when you're sinking the fence well into the ground or surrounding the run with concrete slabs etc. I've banged tent pegs into the ground under my gate.
Make sure a door or gate is secure the whole way down. If there's a bit of play at the bottom, a predator may not be able to get in, but a chicken may be able to get their head through and not get it back again. I've experienced this and it's not nice.
Make sure the door and gate shut into a recess. A predator can chew and usually has all night to do it in.

Water
Ponds. I was thinking of keeping a few ducks in with the chickens and I sank a bath into the ground for 'a pond'. Although I put a few rocks at the bottom, a chicken slipped in and couldn't get out. By the time I found this, it was too late.
Water Containers. If you have a fairly large size, make sure it's not too wide and too deep. Chickens love balancing on the side and bending their necks right in to get the drink. A sudden rush of other chickens, the same can apply as the Pond.

The Chicken House
 Check the wood all round on a regular basis. If there's a lose slat, fix it immediately. A fox can get through a gap the size of a hand width quite easily (see photo).
The one thing which comes up over and over again is pure Human forgetfulness. I know many people inc. myself who have walked up the garden first thing, seen the feathers and heard 'the silence'. This is followed by "Oh no, I forgot to shut the pop-hole"
Wood Treatment. Make sure any is safe for chickens. Don't always take the word of a Sales Assistant - phone up the Manufacturer.

Food

Chickens - As safe as houses?
Personal Experiences

I had to change the drink container after I took the picture of this. You can see how, if she fell in forwards, she would not get out.
CHICKENS CAN'T SWIM

A width of a hand, that's all it took. Make regular checks of all houses, fences and gates

Where possible, treat their food containers as you would a Wild Bird feeder. In other words, so that as few of other creatures can get to it, especially Rats. A Rat can swing and then pull itself up (see 'Roland the Rat' video clip of mine). Rats will 'poo' anywhere and this will get mixed into the food. Also, in view of the existing Avian Flu threat, where possible, feed undercover.
Chickens who have the run of a garden or a big Chicken Run should not cause any problems about getting poisoned. They know what they can and can't eat better than we do. However, in an Ark or a more confined setting, make sure that all food is of the proper nature.

Ninety nine per cent of the time, you'll have no problems keeping chickens.
 
I think we have to realise that, although they are Pet's, underneath they are a wild bird and naturally have a lot of instincts built into them.
It is natural for them to be nosey, reach for that blade of grass just outside the gate, or venture off down the road in search of even better treats.

We can only do what we can do and that is to provide them with a comfortable safe home with as safe as can be surrounding environment.

A huge THANK YOU to contributing Forum Members. It's not always easy telling about things you may have overlooked, then suffer the guilt consequences. I really do appreciate it

Forum Members Experiences................

Some obvious, but not so obvious hazards and tips when keeping back garden chickens

Melons wrote....
 One of my ex batts sent herself daft in the sun this summer, so sun burn of baldies & generally laying about it in too much, can cause heat stroke, i had to spray her down & keep her cool till she was right again, i dread to think what could have happened if 'd been at work.
People never anticipate badger attacks or stoat or mink, I've read about as many attacks from these as any fox.
Water depth for little chicks.

Tania....
 Get into the habit of visually checking them over when you let them out in the morning, every morning. Watch what they do/where they go. Any who are "under-the-weather" may not follow their usual routine/look as perky as normal and spotting this early may give you a better chance of sorting out any problems.
Picking them up and checking them over by feel once in a while will give you a comparison if one falls ill. Learn what a healthy chicken feels like and it's easier to spot a problem if it occurs.

Paxo....
I lost my first chicken 'paxo' to a fox as I didn't shut them in early enough It was only just going dusk. I was lucky it was only her, he was coming back for the second one when we heard it. I now don't let them out of their run unless im in the garden with them

Nettles
 Even free rangers like ours need somewhere dry to shelter, rain and wind together can make them very miserable, we haven't got a run but have opened and cleared half our shed so that in really bad weather they can get under cover. They needed to be coaxed in at first but now if it pours with rain they all run in together and come out when they are ready.

Dave.....
 If DIY-ing your own coup make sure the roosting bars are not
to far apart one of my birds fell through the bars and broke a leg

Tassie Dev
 If you think your chicken/s is not laying make sure you look carefully around the place in case they are laying in a secret hidey hole! (this can be somewhere dangerous ie. where you're about to Strim)

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A Friend....
Lining the litter areas with paper is a good idea, but watch they aren't eating it, ending up with a stomach full of paper mache!